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In the saga "The Death of Niall of the Nine Hostages", Eochaid's enmity with Niall begins when he is refused hospitality by Niall's poet, Laidcenn mac Bairchid. The Y chromosome signature of descendants of Niall was uncovered in 2006 when DNA investigations looked at a common Y-DNA profile in Irish men. Some suggest that a majority of English Isles and North Seas male descendants carry his DNA. Brión rules the province of Connacht, but Fiachrae makes war against him. The Picts tired of Nialls' ways and attacked the small Lirsh colony of Dalriada, which is now Scotland. A few of the modern-day surnames associated with the Ui Neill include (with or without the O prefix): Neill, Boyle, Bradley, Campbell, Cannon, Coleman, Connor, Devlin, Doherty, Donnell, Donnelly, Egan, Flynn, Gallagher, Gormley, Hynes, Kane, McGovern, McLoughlin, McManus, Molloy, Reilly, Rourke and Quinn. Crimthann returns to Ireland intending to give battle. Their descendants spread from central Europe to the Atlantic coast. They defeat him and win great spoil, but Fiachrae is wounded in the battle and dies of his wounds shortly afterwards. In it, Eochaid Mugmedón, the High King of Ireland, has five sons, four, Brión, Ailill, Fiachrae and Fergus, by his first wife Mongfind, sister of the king of Munster, Crimthann mac Fidaig, and a fifth, Niall, by his second wife Cairenn Chasdub, daughter of Sachell Balb, king of the Saxons. Fergus and Ailill refuse and return empty-handed. His men carry his body home, fighting seven battles on the way, and his foster-father Torna dies of grief. The geneticists estimated that there are about 2-3 million males alive today who descend in the male-line from Niall. [4 ] A poem by the 11th century poet Cináed Ua Hartacáin in the Book of Leinster credits Niall with seven raids on Britain, on the last of which he was killed by Eochaid "above the surf of the Ictian Sea";[4 ][1 2] a poem attributed to the same poet in Lebor na hUidre credits him with going to the Alps seven times. Journal reference: American Journal of Human Genetics(February issue). The boy eventually escaped, but returned to Ireland as St. Patrick. Niall of the Nine Hostages (Nial Noai nGiallach) who reigned from 379- 405 AD and who is reputed to have brought St. Patrick to Ireland as a slave boy, had many sons. Niall's 'modus operandi' There are claims that Cormac mac Art, a leading figure in the Fionn cycle, established a sumptuous court at Tara and a lavish festival was also regularly celebrated at Samhain, on 1 November. 222-232 O'Rahilly and Byrne argue that the literary sources, though late and garbled, preserve genuine traditions that Niall led raids on Britain, and perhaps died on one.[2]:pp. May I ask why Niall’s male descendants are looked for mainly Irish families, and using surnames as an extra points of relationship? [4]:76–78[8]:220 Niall is placed in the traditional list of High Kings of Ireland. The earliest version of the Lebor Gabála says Eochaid killed him on the English Channel, later versions adding that Niall was invading Brittany when this happened. Several testing companies can do this test: Of note to Family Tree DNA customers, this signature is found in .6 of one percent of the entire family Tree DNA database. Crimthann refuses to drink it unless she does too; they both drink, and both die. He died in a raid on Roman France in 405 AD. The 2006 TCD inferences regarding IMH and the Ui Neill dynasty led to assumptions that all men derived for the marker R-M222 were descended from this legendary semi . Niall reigned for twenty-seven years before being killed by the arrow of a rival, Eochaida, the deposed king of Leinster. All sources agree he died outside Ireland. Niall "Noígíallach" (pronounced [ˈniːəl noɪˈɣiːələx]; Old Irish for "having nine hostages"), or in English, Niall of the Nine Hostages, was a legendary High King of Ireland and the ancestor of the Uí Néill dynasties that dominated the northern half of Ireland from the 6th to the 10th centuries. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Brión defeats Fiachrae and hands him over as a prisoner to Niall, but Fiachrae's son Nath Í continues the war and eventually kills Brión. Remote view of Round Tower at Glendalough Remote view of Round Tower at Glendalough In the lack of a DNA sample direct from the male himself, Trinity’s team of geneticists collected a number of samples from guys across Ireland. The Uí Néill clan trace their origins to the perhaps mythical Niall of the Nine Hostages. Keating, quoting a Latin Life of Saint Patrick, says that Niall led Irish raids on Roman Britain, and in one of those raids Patrick and his sisters were abducted. [8], Niall is presumed, on the basis of the importance of his sons and grandsons, to have been a historical person,[4]:70 but the early Irish annals say little about him. The spread of haplogroup R-M269 in northern Ireland and Scotland was likely aided by men like Niall of the Nine Hostages. Niall Noígíallach (Old Irish "having nine hostages", pronounced /niː'əl noɪ'jiːəlax/) was an Irish king, the eponymous ancestor of the Uí Néill dynasties who dominated Ireland from the 6th century to the 10th century. Supposedly slain in the English Channel or in Scotland, his descendants were the most powerful rulers of Ireland until the 11th century. Niall is placed in the traditional list of High Kings of Ireland. The rise of the Uí Néill dynasties and their conquests in Ulster and Leinster are not reliably recorded but have been the subject of considerable study and attempts to reconstruct them. Variations of this story are told of the earlier Irish high king Lugaid Loígde, in Arthurian legend — one of the most famous versions appears in both Geoffrey Chaucer's The Wife of Bath's Tale and the related Gawain romance, The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell — and in John Gower's Middle English poem Confessio Amantis. The findings of the study showed that within the north-west of Ireland as many as 21% of men (8% in the general male population) were concluded to have a common male-line ancestor who lived roughly 1,700 years ago. Niall was an Irish "High King" at Tara, the ancient center of Ireland from A.D. 379 to A.D. 405. The M-222 project at FTDNA , as of March 3,2021 considers the matter settled: M-222 is NOT Niall’s DNA. The Annals of the Four Masters dates his accession to 378 and death to 405. When he had reached budding manhood, Torna brought him back to court to take his rightful place - much to his father's joy. descended from Niall of the Nine Hostages, High King of Ireland at the beginning of the 5th century; the O'Neill, or Cenél nEógain, tracing their pedigree to Eógan mac Néill, and the O'Donnells, or Cenél Conaill, to Conall Gulban, both sons of Niall. [15 ], There are various versions of how Niall gained his epithet Noígíallach. Building on the achievements of his father, Cennétig mac Lorcain , and especially his elder brother, Mathgamain , Brian first made himself King of Munster , then subjugated Leinster . Niall Noígíallach (Irish pronunciation: [%CB%88ni%CB%90%C9%99l noɪˈɣiːələx], Old Irish "having nine hostages") [1], or in English, Niall of the Nine Hostages, son of Eochaid Mugmedón, was an Irish king, theeponymous ancestor of the Uí Néill kindred who dominated Ireland from the 6th century to the 10th century. [2] The chronology of Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn broadly agrees, dating his reign from 368-395, and associating his raiding activities in Britain with the kidnapping of Saint Patrick (ca. This web app compares your Y-DNA profiles to the Y-DNA profile of Uí Néill or "descendants of Niall," to see whether you descended from the same paternal line. [13], In January 2006, geneticists at Trinity College, Dublin suggested that Niall may have been the most fecund male in Irish history. [7 ] Another version has Mongfind try to poison Niall, but she takes the poison herself by mistake. That is the great flame that Patrick was to kindle, and which was to expand and grow, ever mounting higher and spreading farther, year by year, for three hundred years. 1) GENEALOGY: Royal Ancestors of Magna Charta Barons; Page 145; G929.72; C6943ra; Denver Public Library; Genealogy, Niall Mor, "Naill of the Nine Hostages, " 126th King of Ireland. Just how substantial an area he might have dominated is not tape-recorded but he fought his method to become King of Tara in the late fourth or early 5th century. 'Vikings,' 'Foreign Helpers' and 'Raiders from across the Sea' Approximately 8% of Irish males, together with many Scots and Ulster Scots carry the M222 genetic marker (also referred to as the 'Niall of the Nine Hostages' DNA marker). [2] The chronology of Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn broadly agrees, dating his reign from 368-395, and associating his raiding activities in Britain with the kidnapping ofSaint Patrick (ca. There is a similarity in both names that it is likely it is the same person. Niall releases Fiachrae, who becomes king of Connacht and Niall's right hand man. Found inside – Page 419Ui Maine Mic Neill ( i.e. the descendants of Maine , son of Niall of the Nine Hostages , who were settled in West Meath ) , Aedh Buidhe , King of , 69 . The sources for the details of Niall's life are genealogies of historical kings, the "Roll of Kings" section of the Lebor Gabála Érenn, Irish annals such as the Annals of the Four Masters, chronicles such as Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn, and legendary tales like "The Adventure of the Sons of Eochaid Mugmedon" and "The Death of Niall of the Nine Hostages". Niall releases Fiachrae, who becomes king of Connacht and Niall's right hand man. Mongfind, purporting to make peace between her brother and her sons, holds a feast, at which she serves Crimthann a poisoned drink. While Cairenn is pregnant with Niall, the jealous Mongfind forces her to do heavy work, hoping to make her miscarry. He is known in folklore as a raider of the British and French coasts. According to legend, Niall was a warrior king at a time when Ireland was divided into numerous kingdoms and a heirarchy of kingship existed. Medieval Irish monks supported claims to kingship or property?and gratified the egos?of their noble patrons by plotting their line of descent from Adam and Eve. Niall was grandson of Muiredeach Tireach. [8] Accession, Sithchenn takes the brothers to the smith, who makes them weapons, and sends them out hunting. He was, moreover, founder of the longest, most important, and most powerful Irish dynasty. They defeat him and win great spoil, but Fiachrae is wounded in the battle and dies of his wounds shortly afterwards. [7] However, the early annals record the activities of his sons between 429 and 516, an implausibly long time-span for a single generation, leading scholars like Kathleen Hughes[5] and Francis J. Byrne[4]:pp. [4], [edit]L egendary biography[edit ]Early life, Although it is anachronistic for Niall's mother to have been a Saxon, O'Rahilly argues that the name Cairenn is derived from the Latin name Carina, and that it is plausible that she might have been a Romano-Briton. Some have claimed it originated elsewhere such as Scotland or England. I found this all incredibly interesting. [10] He is succeeded by his nephew Nath Í. Byrne suggests that Niall's death took place during a raid on Roman Britain. Many and many a time, in Alba, in Britain, and in Gaul, must Niall have measured his leadership against the best leadership of Rome, and pitted the courage and wild daring of his Scotic hosts against the skill of the Imperial Legions. "Niall’s first expedition was into Alba to subdue the Picts. However, the traditional roll of kings and its chronology is now recognised as artificial. [3 ] O'Rahilly suggests that the nine hostages were from the kingdom of the Airgialla (literally "hostage-givers"), a satellite state founded by the Ui Néill's conquests in Ulster, noting that the early Irish legal text Lebor na gCeart("The Book of Rights") says that the only duty of the Airgialla to the King of Ireland was to give him nine hostages. Niall, who emerges carrying an anvil, is deemed greater than Brión, with a sledgehammer, Fiachrae with bellows and a pail of beer, Ailill with a chest of weapons, and Fergus with a bundle of wood. Niall of the Nine Hostages received his name from the taking of hostages as a strategy for playing mental havoc upon his opponent chieftains. The male-line from Niall chronology is now Scotland suggest that a majority English... 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