Cecil John Rhodes and others laid the foundations for the development of capitalism in South Africa. Rhodes was also an arch colonialist and imperialist. told me that he felt the Rhodes Must Fall . What could a grand imperialist like the stripling Uitlander or foreigner of yesteryear, Sir Cecil John Rhodes, possibly have in common with the present-day . The students climbed through a window that had been left open and surrounded the conference table, singing struggle songs. As the demonstrations grew larger, the UCT Student Representative Council were compelled to put their full weight behind the growing “Rhodes Must Fall” movement. Qwabe is championing . The panels were painted an anodyne blue, like the colour of the blank midday sky. These people are still in control to this very day, but now they have been joined in their looting frenzy by a thin layer of black capitalists like Motsepe and Ramaphosa. Why South African Students Say The Statue Of Rhodes Must Fall : Goats and Soda Twenty years after the end of apartheid, South Africa is in its teenage phase: Questioning everything, including the . “I come from a privileged black background,” he said with a smile as we sat down on the main steps. On 11 March, the Student Representative Council released a statement which clearly set out the position of the students: The heat only seemed to make the students sing louder. These developments are further confirmation that a large proportion of the South African working class masses and the poor have already drawn a clear balance sheet of the 21 years since the abolition of Apartheid. So I asked one of the students, a boy in red Converse sneakers, what they meant. He expressed his capitalist and imperialist aims very bluntly: In 1887 Rhodes, speaking in parliament in Cape Town echoed these sentiments when he declared that: "we must adopt a system of despotism in our relations with the barbarians of South Africa". It was removed. Nyamnjoh, Francis B. Rhodes Must Fall: Nibbling at Resilient Colonialism in South Africa, 2016, pp.312.Langaa Research and Publishing Common Initiative Group: Bamenda: ISBN: 9956-763-16-. Found insideIn this transnational account of black protest, Nicholas Grant examines how African Americans engaged with, supported, and were inspired by the South African anti-apartheid movement. They ended by demanding that UCT remove the statue from campus. “This is my inherent contradiction in life,” he said, pointing to his chest. The statue was in the center of campus, overlooking the rugby fields at the base of Table Mountain. More and more, the anger of the young has pointed towards their parents and their black elders. The movement to abolish statues and names associated with the representatives of capitalism, imperialism and colonialism can only be worthwhile if we fight to do away with the capitalist system that only stands for oppression and exploitation. Together, these direct descendants of Cecil John Rhodes are now the new ruling class of South Africa and continue to fleece the South African masses. On your computer, tablet smart phone or on our App its quick, easy and free access all the news you love. (What have we done?). It is also telling that these protests are being led by the generation who were born after the 1994 democratic elections. Found insideIn this fast-paced, semi-autobiographical novel, Head exposes the complicated life of Elizabeth, whose reality is intermingled with nightmarish dreams and hallucinations. Marikana set off a national soul-searching, an outpouring of outraged op-eds and TV and radio debates. Found insideThis book offers comprehensive contemporary evidence that allows for a fresh engagement with these pressing issues. Almost half its residents were unemployed. “We think we’re trying to protect our kids,” Mangcu said. Found insideInsurgent Empire sets the record straight in demonstrating that these people were much more than victims of imperialism or, subsequently, the passive beneficiaries of an enlightened British conscience—they were insurgents whose legacies ... Rhodes Must Fall Movement. But the students at UCT and other universities are far ahead from these ‘’experts’’. When I flew into Cape Town to visit UCT, the Uber driver who picked me up from the airport, a black man from a township called Langa, spontaneously told me a potent story. From the archives: The birth of Rhodes Must Fall – podcast. Infused with the rhythms of the inner-city pulsebeat, this courageous novel is compelling in its honesty and its broad vision, which links Hillbrow, rural Tiragalong, and Oxford. One of Chumani Maxwele’s stronger childhood memories is of an aeroplane. He acknowledged that their protest “wasn’t about the statue. The "Rhodes Must Fall" movement, established in South Africa in 2015, has lobbied for the renaming of Rhodes University in Cape Town and the removal of the statue at Oriel along with a plaque . This decision is now expected to be ratified by the council in two weeks’ time. Poverty, inequality, racism, and unemployment have reached epidemic proportions. In essence, this is a call for fundamental change, and the fact that it involves the figure of Cecil John Rhodes is what makes it such an emotive issue. NAIROBI, June 11 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) — Countries must find more creative ways to depict their history than statues that glorify racists and colonialists, a founder of South Africa's successful Rhodes Must Fall movement said. So I try to avoid a conversation about black history with her. But that is exactly what [the students] are trying to reinforce.”. In this book, Teresa Barnes examines universities' complex positioning in the apartheid era and argues that tracing the institutional legacies left by pro-apartheid intellectuals are crucial to understanding the fight to transform South ... But Maxwele could see he was not in an office. "When I look . The Rhodes Must Fall Movement "is a collective movement of students and staff members mobilizing for direct action against the reality of institutional racism at the University of Cape Town" (The Johannesburg Salon, 2015:6)". The statue has great symbolic power; it glorifies a mass-murderer who exploited black labour and stole land from indigenous people. Our sin is that we are black …”). Cecil John Rhodes is inextricably linked to South African capitalism, and his name is associated with everything the system stands for. Showing the crucial importance of solidarity with sister movements in South Africa and beyond, this book shows what it means to boldly challenge the racism rooted deeply at the very heart of empire--back cover. 15 talking about this. Just fancy those parts that are at present inhabited by the most despicable specimen of human being, what an alteration there would be in them if they were brought under Anglo-Saxon influence … if there be a God, I think that what he would like me to do is paint as much of the map of Africa British Red as possible…” As used to happen in South Africa's anti-apartheid protests of the 1980s, a tyre was set alight, its black smoke blocking out the light of the sun. "We understand that we are, and we want to be, a part of the public conversation about the . As a direct result of the occupation and militant struggles of the students, the senate of the Cape Town university has voted overwhelmingly for the removal of the statue. He stared at the UCT gardens, with their gently waving flowers and twittering birds. The statue was in the center of campus, overlooking the rugby fields at the base of Table Mountain. When the statue finally rose off of its base, a huge, sustained cry went up from the crowd. “We fought very, very hard not to have the state name us [black]. ‘’We must find new lands from which we can easily obtain raw materials and at the same time exploit the cheap slave labour that is available in the colonies. I’m afraid of how she’ll process it. But there was also a powerful emotional component to the denial. The student claimed Maxwele’s protest “was actually disrespectful to the black poor because a black janitor would have to clean up the poo”, Chikane remembered. It was a moment”. Following Edward Said, he argues that we all share an intellectual obligation to push this endeavour forward. It made for such an unreal contrast with South Africa’s bitter past, and a kind of denial of the way the past is still at work in the present. Maxwele had heard rumours that the African National Congress (ANC) was flying planes around the country: in a few months, South Africa would have its first elections in which black people could vote, and the planes were dropping campaign leaflets decorated in the ANC’s black, yellow and gold, urging people to vote for Mandela. The most major episodes of black suffering in South Africa, such as the “Great Trek” of the 19th century, in which Afrikaner pioneers occupied formerly black-held land, were simply never addressed. “People were dead set against the apartheid narrative of race essentialism,” he said. He excelled in science – “My heroes were Isaac Newton and Einstein,” he said. A previous student campaign in 2015, modelled on the "Rhodes Must Fall" movement in South Africa that led Cape Town University to remove its statue of Rhodes that year, failed to convince Oriel to follow suit. It freed him to inhabit physically the sense of oppression he had only been feeling emotionally. Found insideWinner of the 2021 ALA Book of the Year Award - Scholarship The author uses the image of blood under the skin as a way of understanding cultural and literary forms in contemporary South Africa. A few hours after I met Chikane at UCT, a group of 40 students gathered on the quad to demonstrate against the suspension of some of their fellow protesters. Follow the Long Read on Twitter at @gdnlongread, or sign up to the long read weekly email here. Campaigners have called for the statue to be taken down because it symbolises imperialism and racism. Now "Rhodes Must Fall" has come to Oxford where, for the past two months, students at Oriel College, led ironically by a South African Rhodes scholar, Ntokozo Qwabe, have been campaigning to . As prime minister of the Cape Colony, Rhodes initiated the Glen Grey Act of 1894 which is the direct precursor of the Apartheid regime. But now that this has been achieved, it is clear that none of the fundamental problems plaguing the masses have been solved. His son was 14, he said; he was 50. South Africa: "Rhodes Must Fall" , Capitalism must fall! “In a 1km stretch of road, you’d pass a thousand people,” Maxwele told me. Author(s): Irvine, Timothy | Advisor(s): Foran, John; Lezra, Esther | Abstract: Despite apartheid's 1994 de jure abolition, contemporary university students in South Africa transgressively protest for ongoing, radical, de facto "decolonization" that they allege, and I agree, has not occurred. Three days later, on a Thursday afternoon, more than a thousand students gathered on the quad to debate Rhodes’s role in colonising Africa. These statements go to the heart of the matter. Families defecated in plastic boxes collected once a week by the municipality. The state school curriculum that many students describe as infuriatingly “blank” on their country’s past was created that way deliberately. He became very, very angry. They sang: “Senzeni na, senzeni na? The Rhodes Must Fall campaign began in South Africa, where a Rhodes statue was removed. Rhodes must fall: Why colonial symbols are loathed in Africa. We see no reason why here, at the heart of the High Street, at the heart of Oxford, Rhodes cannot also fall. In a statement ahead of Tuesday's demonstration, the college said it abhorred racism. And then, in October, seven months after Maxwele lit the fuse, student uprisings exploded across the entire country. Cecil John Rhodes was not just any other historical figure, he was in fact a founder of South African capitalism. Story continues. Ntokozo Qwabe, pictured, who is behind the Rhodes Must Fall campaign in Oriel College Oxford boasted online about how he made a woman cry 'typical white tears' in a South African restaurant. They held up their fists in the same gesture made by the African-American athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos at the 1968 Olympics. Students at the University of Cape Town in South Africa have taken issue with the science faculty -- or science in general . LRB 29 June 2020", "Oxford Rhodes statue should be turned to face wall, says Antony Gormley", "At Harvard Law School, Students Call for Change of Seal | News | The Harvard Crimson", "An Open Letter to Dean Minow from Students of Harvard Law School: Royall Must Fall | The Harvard Law Record", "Harvard Law Students Urge Removal of Slaveholder Reference From School Seal", "Harvard Law School to ditch controversial shield with elements from slave-owning family - The Boston Globe", "Black Tape Over Black Faculty Portraits at Harvard Law School", "Harvard Law School was built using a 'brutal' slaveowner's money, and students are starting to protest", "Why I'm Sleeping in Belinda Hall | Opinion | The Harvard Crimson", "Reclaim HLS Activists Occupy Student Lounge | The Harvard Law Record", "The Sorry State of Free Speech at Harvard Law", "Harvard Law Students, Allow Me to Say Something Controversial: You Might Be Wrong", "A Note from the Editor-in-Chief: Why I Don't Censor Conservative Articles | The Harvard Law Record", "Can There Be a "Principled" Defense of Tearing Down Posters in Belinda Hall? Found insideEssential, and still eye-opening, Orientalism remains one of the most important books written about our divided world. These were all measures essentially designed to ensure a system of labour migration which would feed the mines in both Kimberly and the Witwatersrand with cheap African migrant labour. protests called Rhodes Must Fall. He was the founder of De Beers Consolidated Mines, the giant diamond monopoly, a gold baron, and a profiteer from many other companies and monopolies such as the British South Africa Company. It is the form of racism that makes you ignorant about your subjugation.”. This is no surprise. A young black man was arrested and violently handcuffed; a woman injured by a stun grenade, her face streaming tears, was held up by the arms by two men and borne away. In a statement ahead of Tuesday's demonstration, the college said it abhorred racism. When they finally discovered black history and identity, the lateness of the discovery made them angry. For years the ANC-controlled province, often cruelly dubbed the Sicily of South Africa, has been the site of growing insurrectionary activity: hijacking of transport on main routes, seizure of schools and universities, xenophobic outbreaks, sabotage of municipal infrastructure, mafia-style . At the protest in front of Zuma’s office, young people raised hand-lettered signs that mocked Zuma as well as placards connecting their demonstration with the struggles of South Africa’s past. He just looked the part. It was a common feature of the stories I heard from black student protesters: there had been a series of small experiences that made them aware they were not tabulae rasae, but black people enmeshed in a long history of black deprivation. When . Found insideA photographic and written record of a range of structures built during the Era of `Baasskap' (1652-1990) which gave expression to the forces shaping South African society. Rhodes, before he died, had outlived the warmest of admiration that he thus won. . In essence, it reflects the material reality for the majority of black working class people. On Thursdays, the white boys went out to drink. The story of why these generations are now at odds has deep implications for how a freed people, generation by generation, continues to relate to its history – implications that are relevant everywhere else in the world where the children of the oppressed are coming of age in what are supposed to be better circumstances. Protests in South Africa dubbed 'Rhodes Must Fall' saw the nose and bust cut off from a statue in Cape Town in 2015. South African students light fires and attempt to tear down fences outside President Jacob Zuma’s office at Union Buildings in Pretoria in October. Some campuses shut down for weeks; Cape Town’s University of the Western Cape is still closed. Students boycotted classes, as black youth had done in the famous Soweto student uprisings of 1976. “I contend that we are the first race in the world, and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race. The archbishop sent Chikane a one-line note that he had received his letter, but said nothing more. “Everybody wanted to turn their faces away from the past,” Rob Siebörger, an education professor who participated in the redesign, told me. A student, staff and worker movement mobilising against institutional white supremacist capitalist patriarchy for the. This helps explain the curious silence among many older black South Africans towards the student protests; why Max Price, UCT’s white vice-chancellor, conducted a cautious engagement with the angry youth while black elder statesmen at UCT remained silent. “I don’t want you to know about the past,” he had told his son. You are disgusting! "Rhodes Must Fall" - Monuments, Colonialism, and The South African Controversy Over Preserving the Past | Political Theology Today 2017-06-15, 11*13 AM "Rhodes Must Fall" - Monuments, Colonialism, and The South African Controversy Over Preserving the Past Current Events As a student at the University of Cape Town (UCT), I often walked past the statue of Cecil John Rhodes (1853 . This served to propel the momentum of the protest even more. Rhodes introduced the first racial policies of this country … which allowed for black people to be utilised as cheap exploited labour in the mines owned by him … The statue is a reminder for many black students of the position in society black people have occupied due to hundreds of years of apartheid, racism, oppression and colonialism.” Found insideThis volume examines the way in which various strands of left thought have addressed the National Question. “I always use the quote, ‘The master’s tools can’t take down the master’s house,’” Jonathan Jansen told me. Like the spirituals sung by black slaves in the southern states of America, many of these songs pair tormented lyrics with a mysterious harmonic serenity, capturing the capacity of black South Africans to retain some normality and honour in the face of brutality. It took enormous courage to remain human against that attempt at erasure, and that courage – the courage of resistance – became a foundation of the black South African character. He had not grown up, like Maxwele, in a place where people defecated in buckets and left them on the streets. Through the brutal racial oppression of black people, capitalism could find the means for the rapid development of the productive forces. Then he opened the bucket and hurled its contents into Rhodes’s face. Rhodes Must Fall Cape Town ; Rhodes Must Fall #RMF @ Nyar K'Odero Group ; RMF Oxford Facebook ; RMF Oxford Instagram ; Why Rhodes Must Fall - Harvard University (US) March 2021 ; Ruskin College Oxford ; Stop Hate UK “I enjoy mocking Rhodes and yet he pays my university fees.”, It was at UCT that Chikane began to feel aware of race. These student protests are far, far bigger than the last major demonstration against the immense structural injustices that linger in South Africa. Understanding and transforming the universities' colonial foundations. He is a believer in black consciousness, the philosophy that suggests that black people stagger under an incredible weight of psychological domination by white people. “And then I realised … black students weren’t taking pictures. Protests in South Africa dubbed 'Rhodes Must Fall' noticed the nostril and bust reduce off from a statue in Cape Town in 2015. It was during his visit to UCT on June 6, 1966, that former US attorney-general Robert Kennedy uttered these words: "Each time a man stands up . Maxwele seemed agitated. Was there something that somebody did not want her to know? On their first day, he and his mostly black colleagues were given uniforms: a pressed shirt, a tie, and shiny patent leather shoes. "To accept a Rhodes scholarship, and then be involved in Rhodes Must Fall, is totally logically consistent to me," Chigudu argues. But he also has a young daughter who attends a “posh”, predominantly white school – the dream of many black parents. Rhodes Must Fall at the University of Cape Town — which directly inspired RMFO — is discussed at length. That implied a promise: the promise of transformation, of the freedom to change your circumstances and be something different from what history had prescribed for your kind. As used to happen in South Africa’s anti-apartheid protests of the 1980s, a tyre was set alight, its black smoke blocking out the light of the sun. Land shortage coupled with a tax for not engaging in wage-labour pushed thousands of Africans into the migrant labour market. Smuts was an Afrikaner general, prime minister and statesman who helped found the Union of South Africa, and is credited with founding the League of Nations after the First World War. A review by Artwell Nhemachena (University of Namibia, artwellnhemachena@ymail.com) and First we had Rhodes Must Fall, now it's the turn of Science Must Fall. According to the prevailing logic, these people are the so-called “born-free generation’’ who were not supposed to have the same problems as their parents and grandparents. Within days demonstrations also broke out at other higher institutions of learning including at Rhodes University at Grahamstown, which carries the name of Cecil John Rhodes. It was an unseasonably warm afternoon, and all of us were sweating. Students, workers and academics were locked in heated discussions, and a variety of views were expressed with every idea put to the test, including those of Marx, Steve Biko and Thomas Sankara. Within South Africa, universities across the country have responded to the chants echoing from the University of Cape Town. Jonathan Jansen, the first black vice-chancellor of the University of the Free State, described to me the fear that the protests had engendered among older black South Africans – a fear that their hard-won progress over a bitter past was sliding backwards, or that it had never really succeeded to begin with. Another woman, her face set, her hair wrapped tightly in a colourful cloth, paced out in front of the enormous crowd, raised her fist, and yelled the freedom cry that black-liberation protesters used to shout when they faced down the apartheid state’s tanks: “Amandla! This notorious act instigated the terrible migrant-labour system which is still in practice in South Africa today and was one of the major reasons behind the Marikana Massacre of August 2012. And some of the most prominent people expressing that anger are children who really weren’t supposed to feel it. 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